Introductory Business Law CLEP Prep Practice Exam 2026 - Free Practice Questions and Study Guide

Vicarious liability is the legal concept where one can be held responsible for the actions of another person, typically an employee. This means that an employer can be held liable for the actions of their employees, even if they were just following orders. This is different from the other options provided.

Estoppel is the legal concept of preventing someone from going back on their word or denying a fact. Res ipsa loquitur is the legal doctrine where the mere occurrence of an accident or injury can imply negligence. Actio personalis is a personal action where one can sue for damages caused to their personal property or rights. None of these options directly pertain to the idea of "I was just following orders" in the legal sense. Therefore, C is the only correct option.